Which organization has enacted the Nature Restoration Law (NRL) to tackle climate change and biodiversity loss?

The Nature Restoration Law (NRL) is a landmark environmental legislation enacted by the European Union (EU) to address the interconnected challenges of climate change, biodiversity loss, and ecosystem degradation across its member states. The law establishes legally binding targets, requiring EU countries to restore at least 20% of degraded land and sea areas by 2030, and to ensure that all ecosystems in need of restoration are covered by restoration measures by 2050. It represents a major shift from conservation alone to active ecological restoration.

Why the Other Options Are Incorrect

(B) The World Bank:
The World Bank is a global financial institution that supports development projects through loans, grants, and technical assistance. While it finances environmental and climate-related initiatives, it does not possess legislative authority to enact legally binding environmental laws for specific regions or countries.

(C) Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD):
The OECD functions primarily as a policy advisory and coordination body, producing research, guidelines, and best practices on economic, social, and environmental issues. It cannot enact binding regional legislation, including laws such as the Nature Restoration Law.

(D) Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO):
The FAO is a specialized agency of the United Nations that focuses on food security, agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and nutrition. Although it promotes sustainable natural resource management, it does not enact binding regional environmental legislation like the NRL.