Which of the following statements with reference to saline soil in India is/are correct ?

Select the answer using the code given below:

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer: (b) 2 only

Explanation:

Statement 1: “They are rich in nitrogen.” – Incorrect

Saline soils are not rich in nitrogen. In fact, these soils generally suffer from deficiency of essential plant nutrients, particularly nitrogen and calcium.
The high concentration of soluble salts in saline soils adversely affects soil structure and microbial activity, which reduces nutrient availability. As a result, soil fertility remains low, and plant growth is severely restricted.

Statement 2: “They occur in arid and semi-arid regions, and in waterlogged and swampy areas.” – Correct

Saline soils are commonly found in:

• Arid and semi-arid regions (such as Rajasthan and Gujarat), where high evaporation and poor drainage cause salts to accumulate near the surface.
• Waterlogged and swampy areas (such as parts of Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal), where excessive or improper irrigation leads to salt buildup due to inadequate leaching.

Answer: (b) 2 only