January 26, 2026

Consider the following statements: At the 28th United Nations

Q. Consider the following statements:

UPSC Civil Services Examination (Prelims) 2025 – General Studies Paper I


Statement I: At the 28th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP28), India refrained from signing the ‘Declaration on Climate and Health’.
Statement II: The COP28 Declaration on Climate and Health is a binding declaration; and if signed, it becomes mandatory to decarbonize health sector.
Statement III: If India’s health sector is decarbonized, the resilience of its healthcare system may be compromised.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

(a) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct and both of them explain Statement I

(b) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct but only one of them explains Statement I

(c) Only one of the Statements II and III is correct and that explains Statement I

(d) Neither Statement II nor Statement III is correct

Answer: (c) Only one of the Statements II and III is correct and that explains Statement I

Explanation:

Statement I is true – India did not sign the Declaration at COP28.

Statement II is incorrect – the COP28 Declaration is non-binding, it’s a voluntary declaration.

Statement III is plausible – if hasty decarbonization occurs, especially in developing countries, it may compromise healthcare resilience.

Thus, only Statement III is correct, and it gives a possible reason why India refrained from signing. Hence, (c) is the correct answer.

Answer: (c) Only one of the Statements II and III is correct and that explains Statement I

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